A simple, effective strategy to motivate positive behavior
What is the Premack Principle?
The Premack Principle, also known as “Grandma’s Rule,” is a behavior modification strategy that uses a preferred activity to encourage a less preferred activity.
In simple words:
👉 “First do what you need to do, then you can do what you like.”
Example: ►First finish homework, then you can watch cartoons. ► First complete therapy tasks, then you can play with your favorite toy.
This principle was introduced by psychologist David Premack and is widely used in behavior therapy, special education, parenting, and classroom management.
Why the Premack Principle Works
Children (and adults!) are naturally motivated by activities they enjoy. The Premack Principle works because:
• It uses natural motivation • It feels less like punishment • It encourages self-control and responsibility • It increases cooperation without force
Instead of saying “Don’t do this”, we say “Do this first, then you get that.”
How to Use the Premack Principle Effectively
Follow these simple steps: 1. Identify a high-preference activity (outdoor play, favorite toy) 2. Identify a low-preference task (homework, writing practice, brushing teeth, therapy exercises) 3. Clearly state the rule Use simple, calm language: “First writing, then playtime.” 4. Be consistent The preferred activity should only happen after the task is completed.
5. Keep it immediate Especially for young children—long delays reduce motivation.
Examples in Different Settings
🏠 At Home • First clean your room → then play time
• First eat vegetables → then dessert
🏫 In School • First finish worksheet → then drawing time
• First sit quietly → then group activity
This makes it especially useful for children with ADHD, autism, learning difficulties, and behavioral challenges.
Benefits for Children with Special Needs
The Premack Principle: • Reduces resistance and meltdowns • Improves task initiation • Builds routine and predictability • Encourages independence • Strengthens positive adult-child interaction
When paired with visual schedules or “First–Then” cards, it becomes even more powerful.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
❌ Giving the reward even if the task isn’t completed
❌ Using activities the child doesn’t actually enjoy
❌ Long lectures instead of simple instructions
❌ Inconsistency across days or caregivers
Final Thoughts
The Premack Principle is a gentle yet powerful behavior modification tool. When used consistently, it teaches children that effort leads to reward, helping them develop responsibility, motivation, and self-regulation.
As therapists, educators, and parents, this principle helps us guide behavior positively—without force, fear, or frustration.
